

\definecolor{lightergray}{gray}{.75}
\newcommand*\lightergray{\color{lightergray}}

\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{verbatim}
@project brookslaw
@attribute apex 2
@attribute plex 1 2
@attribute ltex 1 2 3
@attribute ?pmat 2 3
@attribute ?rely 3 4 5
@attribute ?data 2 3
@attribute ?cplx 4 5
@attribute ?time 4 5
@attribute ?stor 3 4 5
@attribute ?pvol 2 3 4
@attribute ?acap 3 4 5
@attribute ?pcap 3 4 5
@attribute ?tool 3 4
@attribute ?sced 2 3
\end{verbatim}
\caption{The Brooks' Law Query for the NASA93 dataset in COCOMO II format.}\label{fig:brooks}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}

\begin{tabular}{|c|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|}\hline
\multicolumn{17}{|c|}{Relevancy Filtering: Brooks' Law Query, NASA93 Dataset}\\\hline
row&
\emph{\begin{sideways}apex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}plex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}ltex\end{sideways}}&
\begin{sideways}pmat\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}rely\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}data\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}cplx\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}time\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}stor\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pvol\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}acap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pcap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}tool\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}sced\end{sideways}&
effort&
overlap\\\hline

57 & \lightergray3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 &  3 & 3 & 38 & 13\\
56 & \lightergray3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 12 & 13\\ 
55 & \lightergray3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 480 & 13\\ 
53 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 5 & 2 & 5 & 5 & \lightergray6 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 648 & 13\\
35 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 370 & 12\\ 
26 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 114 & 12\\
09 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 1 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 215 & 12\\
40 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 636 & 11\\ 
25 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 42 & 11\\ 
23 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 60 & 11\\ 
22 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 42 & 11\\ 
17 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 210 & 11\\ 
16 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & \lightergray3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 90 & 11\\ 
47 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 703 & 10\\ 
44 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 300 & 10\\ 
43 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 300 & 10\\ 
41 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 576 & 10\\ 
36 & \lightergray3 & 2 & 3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 2 & 278 & 10\\ 
34 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 155 & 10\\ 
33 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 98.8 & 10\\\hline
\multicolumn{17}{|c|}{(39 cases omitted)}\\\hline
54 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 8211 & 7\\
52 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 1645.9 & 7\\
51 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 4178.2 & 7\\\hline

\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Excerpt of the NASA93 dataset demonstrating overlap between the query and historical cases.}\label{fig:train-filter}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}\hline
Treatment	&	$freq(x|best)$	&	$freq(x|rest)$	&	$like$ (Eq ~\ref{eq:br})\\\hline
\rowcolor[rgb]{0.9,0.9,0.9}pmat=3	&	5	&	10	&	1.66\\
acap=3	&	4	&	7	&	1.45\\
sced=3	&	5	&	13	&	1.38\\
tool=3	&	5	&	14	&	1.32\\
data=3	&	4	&	9	&	1.23\\
pvol=4	&	2	&	2	&	1.0\\
rely=4	&	3	&	6	&	1.0\\
data=2  &	2	&	5	&	0.57\\
rely=3	&	2	&	9	&	0.36\\
time=3	&	3	&	7	&	0.9\\
cplx=5	&	2	&	3	&	0.8\\
stor=5	&	2	&	3	&	0.8\\
stor=3	&	3	&	10	&	0.69\\
time=5	&	2	&	4	&	0.67\\
cplx=4	&	3	&	12	&	0.6\\
pvol=3	&	2	&	5	&	0.57\\
pvol=2	&	1	&	9	&	0.11\\\hline
%data=4	&	0	&	1	&	0
%data=5	&	0	&	1	&	0
%pmat=2	&	0	&	4	&	0
%pmat=4 	&	0	&	2	&	0
%apex=3	&	4	&	4	&	2.0
%apex=5	&	1	&	2	&	0.33
%plex=2	&	2	&	3	&	0.8
%plex=3	&	3	&	10	&	0.69
%ltex=2	&	3	&	2
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Contrast between the ``Best'' and ``Rest'' sets. Contrast values computed by $like =  \frac{freq(x|best)^2}{freq(x|best)+freq(x|rest)}$ rank each attribute value according to contrast. Higher $like$ values for an attribute imply its association with smaller effort values.}\label{fig:train-bestrest}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}l@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|}\hline
\multicolumn{16}{|c|}{BEST Set}\\\hline
row&
\emph{\begin{sideways}apex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}plex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}ltex\end{sideways}}&
\begin{sideways}pmat\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}rely\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}data\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}cplx\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}time\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}stor\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pvol\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}acap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pcap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}tool\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}sced\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}effort\end{sideways}\\\hline
56 & 3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 12\\
08 & 5 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 36\\
57 & 3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 38\\
22 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 42\\
25 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 42\\\hline
\multicolumn{16}{c}{}\\\hline
\multicolumn{16}{|c|}{REST Set}\\\hline
row&
\emph{\begin{sideways}apex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}plex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}ltex\end{sideways}}&
\begin{sideways}pmat\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}rely\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}data\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}cplx\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}time\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}stor\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pvol\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}acap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pcap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}tool\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}sced\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}effort\end{sideways}\\\hline
12 & 5 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 48\\
11 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 60\\
23 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 60\\
19 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 5 & 5 & 2 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 62\\
16 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 90\\
33 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 98.8\\
26 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 114\\
17 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 210\\
09 & 4 & 2 & 1 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 215\\
44 & 4 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 300\\
07 & 5 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 360\\
35 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 370\\
55 & 3 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 480\\
40 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 636\\
53 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 5 & 2 & 5 & 5 & 6 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 648\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{The "Best" and "Rest" sets. Top 5 cases with the most desirable effort (lowest) are in Best while the remaining 15 are in Rest. }\label{fig:train-contrast}
\end{figure}




\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|}\hline
\multicolumn{17}{|c|}{Brooks' Law Query on Test Set}\\\hline
row&
\emph{\begin{sideways}apex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}plex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}ltex\end{sideways}}&
\begin{sideways}pmat\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}rely\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}data\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}cplx\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}time\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}stor\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pvol\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}acap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pcap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}tool\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}sced\end{sideways}&
effort&
overlap\\\hline
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}11 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 24 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}15 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 48 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}19 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 48 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}18 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 60 & 10\\
21 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 60 & 9\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}10 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 72 & 10\\
71 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 72 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}24 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & \lightergray3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 90 & 11\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}63 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 162 & 9\\
31 & \lightergray4 & 2 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 3 & \lightergray5 & 4 & 5 & 5 & 2 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 170 & 10\\
73 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 3 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 300 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}45 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 400 & 8\\
79 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 409 & 10\\
84 & \lightergray5 & 1 & 1 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 2 & 5 & 5 & \lightergray6 & 2 & 5 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 430 & 11\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}67 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 5 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 444 & 11\\
80 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 4 & 3 & 5 & 4 & 4 & 2 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 703 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}60 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 5 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 720 & 10\\
76 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray5 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 756 & 9\\
%87 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 1645.9 & 7\\
%88 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 1924.5 & 6\\\hline
46 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 2 & \lightergray2 & 3 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 2400 & 8\\
%85 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray4 & 5 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 4178.2 & 7\\
59 & \lightergray5 & 1 & \lightergray4 & 2 & 5 & 2 & \lightergray6 & \lightergray6 & 5 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 4560 & 10\\\hline

\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Testing phase.}\label{fig:testing}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|@{\hspace{0.5mm}}c@{\hspace{0.5mm}}|}\hline
\multicolumn{17}{|c|}{Brooks' Law Query $\cup$ {\em pmat=3}}\\\hline
row&
\emph{\begin{sideways}apex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}plex\end{sideways}}&
\emph{\begin{sideways}ltex\end{sideways}}&
\begin{sideways}pmat\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}rely\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}data\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}cplx\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}time\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}stor\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pvol\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}acap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}pcap\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}tool\end{sideways}&
\begin{sideways}sced\end{sideways}&
effort&
overlap\\\hline
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}11 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 24 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}15 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 48 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}19 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 48 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}18 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 60 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}10 & \lightergray5 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 72 & 10\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}24 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & \lightergray3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 90 & 11\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}63 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 3 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 162 & 9\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}45 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 4 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 400 & 8\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}67 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 5 & 3 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 4 & 4 & 3 & 3 & 444 & 11\\
\cellcolor[rgb]{0.8,0.8,0.8}60 & \lightergray3 & \lightergray4 & \lightergray4 & 3 & 3 & 2 & 4 & \lightergray3 & 3 & 2 & 5 & 5 & 3 & 3 & 720 & 10\\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{Testing phase.}\label{fig:testing-constrained}
\end{figure}


\begin{figure}[!t]
\begin{center}
{\scriptsize
\begin{tabular}{| r         | @{}c@{}         | @{}c@{}          |        @{}c         |}\hline
                             & Effort    & Effort     & Effort Distrubtion \\
                   Query     & Median    & Spread     &        366 \\\hline

$q$ (Initial)           &  235 &  508 &  \boxplot{5.737704918}{23.08743169}{28.82513661}{46.2431694}{75.06830601}\\ 
$q \cup pmat=3$ (Final) &   81 &  352 &  \boxplot{3.278688525}{4.508196721}{7.786885246}{43.57923497}{51.36612022}\\\hline 
\end{tabular}}
\end{center}
\caption{Result of applying the learned constraint $pmat = 3$ to the Brooks' Law query $q$ during testing. The median estimate reduction from 235 to 81 represents a 66\% reduction is software effort by applying $pmat = 3$.}
\label{fig:testing-result}
\end{figure}




